Modérateurs: Garion, Silverwitch
Associated Press via Breitbart.com a écrit:Astronaut Collapses During Ceremony
Sep 22 2:13 PM US/Eastern
An astronaut from the space shuttle Atlantis collapsed twice Friday during a welcome home ceremony, a wobbly return that officials attributed to the adjustment from 12 days at zero gravity.
Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper left the hangar at Ellington Field through a side door but was not taken to a hospital, officials said.
Piper, fifth of the six astronauts to speak, appeared to be confused before her legs buckled during her address. NASA officials and crew members braced her and lowered her to the ground. She stood up again, and the crowd applauded.
"Boy, if that's not a little embarrassing," she said.
After speaking for another half-minute or so, she again appeared confused and gripped the podium. Crew members stepped to her side and lowered her to the floor.
The Atlantis crew returned Thursday after performing the first construction work on the international space station since the Columbia disaster 3 1/2 years ago.
They performed three grueling spacewalks to hook up a 17 1/2-ton addition, which included a giant set of electricity-producing solar panels.
BBC News a écrit:Branson unveils Virgin spaceship
Sir Richard Branson has unveiled a mock-up of the rocket-powered vehicle that will carry clients into space through his Virgin Galactic business.
The Virgin "spaceships" are designed to carry six passengers and two pilots to an altitude of about 140km on a sub-orbital space flight.
Tickets on a Virgin Galactic flight are expected to cost £100,000 ($190,000).
The mock-up of the spacecraft was unveiled at the Javits exhibition centre in New York on Thursday.
The Virgin craft are based on the design of SpaceShipOne, built by aviation pioneer Burt Rutan, which became the first privately built vehicle to reach space in 2004.
SpaceShipOne made three flights to altitudes just greater than 100km - the edge of the Earth's atmosphere - claiming the prestigious Ansari X-Prize.
Public access
The rocket plane was first carried to a launch altitude of 15km (50,000ft) by an aircraft, or mothership, called White Knight.
It was then released and ignited its rocket engine, which propelled it through the atmosphere.
The $10m (£5.7m) Ansari X-Prize was offered to the first non-government, manned flight into space.
Virgin Group has contracted Rutan's company Scaled Composites to design and build the passenger spaceship and its mothership. Virgin Galactic will own and operate at least five spaceships and two motherships.
The passenger flights, which could begin in 2009, will take off from a $225m (£127m) facility called Spaceport America in the New Mexico desert.
Will Whitehorn, president of Virgin Galactic, said the firm was in negotiations over a reality TV show.
In the show, contestants would compete to win a place on a space flight, the Press Association reported.
Mr Whitehorn said: "The indications are that we can create a show that would give people the chance to go into space. It would be a cross between Dr Who, Star Trek and the Krypton Factor."
Virgin Galactic is one of several private firms vying to open up public access to space.
Toma a écrit:ayrtonforever a écrit:c'est moche
le but premier n'est pas l'esthetique
Luke a écrit:ayrtonforever a écrit:c'est moche
Et toi tu te crois beau ? (pour rester dans le léger )
Hugues a écrit:"Allo Houston, on a un problème.. On a perdu les enregistrements des pas d'Armstrong et Aldrin.
"Une petite perte de bande pour Régis, une bévue de géant pour l'Humanité"
Le Goddard Space Centre de la NASA au Maryland a égaré les bandes originales de la retransmission télévisée de la nuit du 20 au 21 juillet 1969, bandes enregistrée par le radio-téléscope australien de Parkes pour la NASA dont la qualité d'image est infiniment supérieure à ce que la NASA aux USA envoyait aux télévisions du monde entier <sup>(*)</sup>. Ainsi au lieu du flou artistique diffusé tant sur ABC, CBS, NBC que sur l'ORTF, que l'on nous rediffuse habituellement, les images avait (ont) un piqué relativement exceptionnel que peu ont eu la chance d'observer (excepté de chanceux membres du Goddard Space Centre et ceux à l'époque de l'observatoire de Parkes)
Malheureusement entre les années 1970 et les années 1990, pénétré de l'esprit de Régis, personne ne n'est inquiété de savoir où elles étaient entreposées.. On les cherche donc depuis 1997, en vain... On suppose qu'elles sont encore au Goddard Space Centre, mais qui sait peut-être un Régis a estimé que la NASA et les télévisions ayant les images distordues diffusées ce soir là dans leurs archives, celles du Goddard Space Centre étaient inutiles, sans savoir qu'elles étaient elles exemptes des défauts inhérents à la retransmission;
Il y a double urgence à les retrouver, car le Goddard Space Centre va fermer, or il abrite le seul appareil capable de lire ces bandes. Par ailleurs, ayant 37 ans, elles risquent de devenir illisible ou de se désintégrer avant d'être retrouvée, si toutefois elles existent encore...
Dans l'encart, une photographie Polaroïd de la version haute qualité qui fut transmise au télescope de Parkes (la qualité visible de la photographie est inférieure à la réalité)
Sur le reste de la photo, John Sarkissian, au Parkes telescope, l'homme qui le premier a recherché les bandes en 1997.Sydney Morning Herald a écrit:One giant blunder for mankind: how NASA lost moon pictures
Richard Macey
August 5, 2006
THE heart-stopping moments when Neil Armstrong took his first tentative steps onto another world are defining images of the 20th century: grainy, fuzzy, unforgettable.
But just 37 years after Apollo 11, it is feared the magnetic tapes that recorded the first moon walk - beamed to the world via three tracking stations, including Parkes's famous "Dish" - have gone missing at NASA's Goddard Space Centre in Maryland.
A desperate search has begun amid concerns the tapes will disintegrate to dust before they can be found.
It is not widely known that the Apollo 11 television broadcast from the moon was a high-quality transmission, far sharper than the blurry version relayed instantly to the world on that July day in 1969.
Among those battling to unscramble the mystery is John Sarkissian, a CSIRO scientist stationed at Parkes for a decade. "We are working on the assumption they still exist," Mr Sarkissian told the Herald.
"Your guess is a good as mine as to where they are."
Mr Sarkissian began researching the role of Parkes in Apollo 11's mission in 1997, before the movie The Dish was made. However, when he later contacted NASA colleagues to ask about the tapes, they could not be found.
"People may have thought 'we have tapes of the moon walk, we don't need these'," said the scientist who hopes a new, intensive hunt will locate them.
If they can be found, he proposes making digitalised copies to treat the world to a very different view of history.
But the searchers may be running out of time. The only known equipment on which the original analogue tapes can be decoded is at a Goddard centre set to close in October, raising fears that even if they are found before they deteriorate, copying them may be impossible.
"We want the public to see it the way the moon walk was meant to be seen," Mr Sarkissian said.
"There will only ever be one first moon walk."
Originally stored at Goddard, the tapes were moved in 1970 to the US National Archives. No one knows why, but in 1984 about 700 boxes of space flight tapes there were returned to Goddard.
"We have the documents to say they were withdrawn, but no one knows exactly where they went," Mr Sarkissian said.
Many people involved had retired or died.
Also among tapes feared missing are the original recordings of the other five Apollo moon landings. The format used by the original pictures beamed from the moon was not compatible with commercial technology used by television networks. So the images received at Parkes, and at tracking stations near Canberra and in California, were played on screens mounted in front of conventional television cameras.
"The quality of what you saw on TV at home was substantially degraded" in the process, Mr Sarkissian said, creating the ghostly images of Armstrong and Aldrin that strained the eyes of hundreds of millions of people watching around the world.
Even Polaroid photographs of the screen that showed the original images received by Parkes are significantly sharper than what the public saw. While the technique looks primitive today, Mr Sarkissian said it was the best solution that 1969 technology offered.
Among the few who saw the original high-quality broadcast was David Cooke, a Parkes control room engineer in 1969.
"I can still see the screen," Mr Cook, 74, said. "I was amazed, the quality was fairly good."
Hugues
<sup>(*)</sup> : La mauvaise qualité des images de direct diffusée par la NASA tient au fait que tout simplement la lune était au dessus de l'Est de l'Asie. Les images des premières minutes de retransmission étaient captées depuis les Etats-Unis mais de mauvaise qualité étant donné la situation de la lune, et celle de la suite de la retransmission captée depuis l'Australie d'excellente qualité, étaient retransmise vers la NASA aux USA. Or les retransmissions intercontinentales étaient notoirement de mauvaise qualité. Ainsi les images de direct était forcément floue, quelque soit la méthode employée.
CosmoMagazine a écrit:Lost Moon landing tapes discovered
1 November 2006
by Carmelo Amalfi
Cosmos Online
For years 'lost' tapes recording data from the Apollo 11 Moon landing have been stored underneath the seats of Australian physics students. A recent search has uncovered them.
They were nearly thrown out with the rubbish. But a last minute search instead has scientists in Western Australia dusting off several boxes of 'lost' NASA tapes which record surface conditions on the Moon just after Neil Armstrong stepped into space history on 21 July 1969.
After addressing Earth, the American astronaut set up a package of scientific instruments, including a dust detector designed by an Australian physicist. The data collected by the detector was sent back to ground stations on Earth and recorded on magnetic tapes - copies of which are as rare as the 'misplaced' original video footage of the 1969 touchdown.
Last week, up to 100 tapes, clearly marked "NASA Manned Space Center", turned up after a search in a dusty basement of a physics lecture hall at Curtin University of Technology in Perth, Western Australia. One of the old tapes has been sent to the American space agency to see whether it can be deciphered and 'stripped' of any important data which may have survived the ravages of time.
The data are a daily record of the environmental conditions and changes taking place at the lunar site after the Eagle landed safely in the Sea of Tranquility. The most important data were collected after the lunar module blasted off the surface later that day, leaving the still-running instrumentation behind.
The information showed that scientific instruments could be affected by setting them up around landing or take-off sites. They also proved that NASA did go to the Moon.
The data represented, "the only long-term information on the lunar surface environment, and as such are ideal for planning future lunar missions," according to NASA's website.
The "Early Apollo Scientific Experiment Package" (EASEP) deployed by Armstrong and Edwin 'Buzz' Aldrin - a member of the Cosmos editorial advisory board - consisted of several self-contained experiments including temperature and seismic activity gauges and a small dust detector designed by Sydney-born physicist and environmental consultant Brian O'Brien, 72, who now lives in Perth.
The EASEP tool kit was the forerunner of other experimental instrument packages used on the Apollo missions. It was unplugged on 3 August 1969, having survived the harsh lunar conditions despite, in NASA's words, "operating temperatures which exceeded the planned maximum by 30 degrees Celcius". The EASEP instruments were activated again the following day, but by August 27, the experiment was terminated when it stopped responding to commands from Earth ground stations.
At the time, O'Brien believed lunar dust thrown up by the ascending NASA module would affect the instruments left on the Moon. He thought that lunar dust could settle on and ruin some of the experiments, which is, in fact, what happened.
Future moon dust experiments set up the equipment further away from the lunar modules, and carried glass-covered solar cells to reduce the impact of dust accumulating on the instrumentation.
On Apollo 11, the dust detector was attached to the seismometer unit. O'Brien's Lunar Dust Detector Experiment (also called the Dust, Thermal and Radiation Engineering Measurements Package) was designed to assess long term effects of the lunar surface environment on silicon solar cells used on the Apollo missions.
This was achieved by measuring the dips in power supply caused by high-energy cosmic particles, ultraviolet radiation and dust and debris, the data also having implications for the health and safety of astronauts exposed to extraterrestrial conditions.
The re-discovery of the magnetic tapes at Curtin follows NASA's admission in August this year that it no longer knew where to find the original video tapes of the 1969 landing and Armstrong's famous speech to at least 600 million people around the world.
The originals were recorded at three tracking stations - one in the U.S. and two in Australia at Honeysuckle Creek tracking station in the Australian Capital Territory and Parkes radio telescope in central-western New South Wales. Recorded on telemetry tapes, they are said to be the best quality images of the landing (unconverted slow scan TV) yet to be seen by a public still fascinated by the early space race. These tapes were mislaid in the early 1980s on their way to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre in Greenbelt, Maryland.
O'Brien brought his data tapes to WA when he left the University of Sydney to head up the state's first Environmental Protection Authority. He placed the tapes in the safe hands of Curtin colleague John de Laeter, emeritus professor of applied physics, whose office is now a temporary home to some of the 28 centimetre-diameter tapes.
When I visited de Laeter's office to view the tapes, they looked new, but their age was given away by the fading labels on the plastic covers that detailed in handwritten pen the date and particulars of the lunar surface recordings.
The first 25 years of their storage life at Curtin was in a closet-sized store room in a small marine science laboratory in the main physics building. They were later moved to bigger premises under the lecture hall where they have languished underneath the seats of countless physics students for years.
O'Brien decided to go looking for the tapes after reading about mislaid television tapes that NASA and Australian scientists are still looking for.
At first, one box of O'Brien's old tapes was found. Then, a second search last week by de Laeter, O'Brien and a laboratory manager turned up the rest of the boxed tapes just as the searchers were about to give up. The tapes were almost obscured under outdated electronic equipment which the men had to move.
O'Brien was unavailable for comment.
Hugues a écrit:Elle était américaine (dixit Garion)
Hugues
Cortese a écrit:Les Américains et le mythe de la "frontier". Ils ont été les premiers au Pôle Nord, les premiers sur la Lune, mais ils n'auront pas la frontier du Système Solaire. C'est la vengeance de Nabuchodonosor.
ABC News a écrit:Y2K+ 7: Or Why the Shuttle Isn't Supposed to Fly on Dec. 31
Quirky, Dated Computers Could Ground Space Shuttle for Months if It Had to Fly Over New Year's
By GINA SUNSERI
HOUSTON, Dec. 5, 2006 — - Forget the foam. The problem that has many at NASA scratching their heads is YERO -- or year-end rollover. NASA doesn't want Discovery and its seven astronauts in space on New Year's Eve, when 2006 rolls over into 2007.
The Space Shuttle may be the most complex machine ever built (2.5 million parts). But it was designed in the 1970s, with '70s technology and '70s computers.
Engineers at NASA never thought the shuttle would still be flying in 2006. After all, it was supposed to be replaced by something else by now.
But here we are at the end of 2006 with the shuttle Discovery being prepped for a 12-day flight, dubbed STS-116, that is targeted to launch on Dec. 7 and land on Dec. 19. The launch window runs until Dec. 17, and shuttle flights have been known to stay up longer than planned when weather is iffy at the landing site.
Computers That Talk to Each Other
Mark Polansky, who commands STS-116, says the problem is simple.
"When somebody designed these general purpose computers that we use to basically run the shuttle, nobody thought that you needed to have the timer such that it needed to reset itself when it went from one year to the next," he says.
To reset the time, the shuttle's main computers would have to be "re-initialized," which would mean there would be no navigation updates or vehicle control. That is a situation NASA obviously wants to avoid.
The space shuttle runs a Julian clock, which counts up from zero. This clock will basically be running at the end of the year on day 364 plus 23 hours, 59 minutes. When it gets to January 1, instead of resetting itself to zero, it just keeps counting itself up and adds a day. So now you are at day 366.
In the meantime, there is a second clock -- called a master timing unit -- which does reset itself to zero on Jan. 1.
"The two talk to each other and say, 'Wait a minute, you are at zero and I am at day 366. Something is wrong so we are going to have to shut ourselves down,'" Polansky says.
How Do You Reset All the Clocks?
"So we now have this problem that requires us to come up with a software, kind of, a patch, a procedure that we would work around to artificially reset all of the clocks, take all of the computers down and bring 'em back up -- something that we don't normally like to do," he says. "I don't know any instance where you would on purpose take every single computer that you use for control, basically put it to sleep, and then bring it back up, and see that it wakes up."
NASA has confronted this problem before -- in 1999, the year of the big Y2K scare.
Mission controllers brought a shuttle flight back early. The shuttle had been on a mission to service the Hubble telescope, which had several technical problems, but flight directors were willing to drop a planned spacewalk to get the shuttle back on the ground by Dec. 27.
What if the shuttle mission is delayed?
Polansky says engineers are looking at options.
"That's the part that we are hoping we won't come to, but if we have some slips in the mission we could conceivably be in that position, which is why the shuttle program is taking a good look at this with some testing to decide if this is something they would really want to launch into," he says.
Astronaut Joan Higginbotham is the other crew member on STS-116 working on the problem. She says the problem is they just aren't sure what would happen.
"The issue here is the unknown," she says. "We don't know exactly how they are going to act. Probably nothing is going to happen, they are probably just going to roll over and we will start all over again, but it has not been certified and that is the issue. Everything on the shuttle has been tested and tested and tested, and this particular item has not been tested to that extent or certified."
The only way, then, that STS-116 could spend New Year's Eve in space is if it's in trouble -- if there's been a problem that would prevent a safe landing, and another shuttle is being readied for a rescue mission.
So when Mission Control plays "I'll be Home for Christmas" as wake-up music during this next mission, it will be a promise, not just a wish.
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